Overview of the Nx Jest Plugin

Jest is an open source test runner created by Facebook. It has a lot of great features:

Immersive watch mode for providing near instant feedback when developing tests.
Snapshot testing for validating features.
Great built-in reporter for printing out test results.

Setting Up @nx/jest

Installation

Keep Nx Package Versions In Sync

Make sure to install the @nx/jest version that matches the version of nx in your repository. If the version numbers get out of sync, you can encounter some difficult to debug errors. You can fix Nx version mismatches with this recipe.

In any Nx workspace, you can install @nx/jest by running the following command:

❯

nx add @nx/jest

This will install the correct version of @nx/jest.

Configuring @nx/jest/plugin for both E2E and Unit Tests

While Jest is most often used for unit tests, there are cases where it can be used for e2e tests as well as unit tests within the same workspace. In this case, you can configure the @nx/jest/plugin twice for the different cases.

nx.json
{
  "plugins": [
    {
      "plugin": "@nx/jest/plugin",
      "exclude": ["e2e/**/*"],
      "options": {
        "targetName": "test"
      }
    },
    {
      "plugin": "@nx/jest/plugin",
      "include": ["e2e/**/*"],
      "options": {
        "targetName": "e2e-local",
        "ciTargetName": "e2e-ci"
      }
    }
  ]
}

Splitting E2E Tests

If Jest is used to run E2E tests, you can enable splitting the tasks by file to get improved caching, distribution, and retrying flaky tests. Enable this, by providing a ciTargetName. This will create a target with that name which can be used in CI to run the tests for each file in a distributed fashion.

nx.json
{
  "plugins": [
    {
      "plugin": "@nx/jest/plugin",
      "include": ["e2e/**/*"],
      "options": {
        "targetName": "e2e-local",
        "ciTargetName": "e2e-ci"
      }
    }
  ]
}

How @nx/jest Infers Tasks

Inferred Tasks

Since Nx 18, Nx plugins can infer tasks for your projects based on the configuration of different tools. You can read more about it at the Inferred Tasks concept page.

The @nx/jest plugin will create a task for any project that has an Jest configuration file present. Any of the following files will be recognized as an Jest configuration file:

jest.config.js
jest.config.ts
jest.config.mjs
jest.config.mts
jest.config.cjs
jest.config.cts

View Inferred Tasks

To view inferred tasks for a project, open the project details view in Nx Console or run nx show project my-project --web in the command line.

@nx/jest Configuration

The @nx/jest/plugin is configured in the plugins array in nx.json.

nx.json
{
  "plugins": [
    {
      "plugin": "@nx/jest/plugin",
      "options": {
        "targetName": "test"
      }
    }
  ]
}

The targetName option controls the name of the inferred Jest tasks. The default name is test.

Using Jest

Generate a new project set up with Jest

By default, Nx will use Jest when creating applications and libraries.

❯

nx g @nx/web:app frontend

Add Jest to a project

Run the configuration generator

❯

nx g @nx/jest:configuration --project=<project-name>

Hint: You can use the --dry-run flag to see what will be generated.

Replacing <project-name> with the name of the project you're wanting to add Jest too.

Testing Applications

The recommended way to run/debug Jest tests via an editor

To run Jest tests via nx use

❯

nx test frontend

Testing Specific Files

Using a single positional argument or the --testFile flag will run all test files matching the regex. For more info check out the Jest documentation.

❯

nx test frontend HomePage.tsx

❯

# or

❯

nx test frontend --testFile HomePage.tsx

Watching for Changes

Using the --watch flag will run the tests whenever a file changes.

❯

nx test frontend --watch

Snapshot Testing

Jest has support for Snapshot Testing, a tool which simplifies validating data. Check out the official Jest Documentation on Snapshot Testing.

Example of using snapshots:

describe('SuperAwesomeFunction', () => {
  it('should return the correct data shape', () => {
    const actual = superAwesomeFunction();
    expect(actual).toMatchSnapshot();
  });
});

When using snapshots, you can update them with the --updateSnapshot flag, -u for short.

By default, snapshots will be generated when there are not existing snapshots for the associated test.

❯

nx test frontend -u

Snapshot files should be checked in with your code.

Performance in CI

Typically, in CI it's recommended to use nx affected -t test --parallel=[# CPUs] -- --runInBand for the best performance.

This is because each jest process creates a workers based on system resources, running multiple projects via nx and using jest workers will create too many process overall causing the system to run slower than desired. Using the --runInBand flag tells jest to run in a single process.

Configurations

Jest

Primary configurations for Jest will be via the jest.config.ts file that generated for your project. This file will extend the root jest.preset.js file. Learn more about Jest configurations.

The root level jest.config.ts file configures Jest multi project support. This configuration allows editor/IDE integrations to pick up individual project's configurations rather than the one at the root.

The set of Jest projects within Nx workspaces tends to change. Instead of statically defining a list in jest.config.ts, Nx provides a utility function called getJestProjectsAsync which retrieves a list of paths to all the Jest config files from projects using the @nx/jest:jest executor or with tasks running the jest command.

You can manually add Jest projects not identified by the getJestProjectsAsync function by doing something like the following:

jest.config.ts
import { getJestProjectsAsync } from '@nx/jest';

export default async () => ({
  projects: [
    ...(await getJestProjectsAsync()),
    '<rootDir>/path/to/jest.config.ts',
  ],
});

Nx

The Nx task options can be configured via the project config file or via the command line flags.

If you're using inferred tasks, or running Jest directly with the nx:run-commands executor, you can provide the Jest args for the command you're running.

If you're using the @nx/jest:jest executor, you can provide the options the executor accepts.

Code Coverage

Enable code coverage with the --coverage flag or by adding it to the executor options in the project configuration file.

By default, coverage reports will be generated in the coverage/ directory under projects name. i.e. coverage/apps/frontend. Modify this directory with the --coverageDirectory flag. Coverage reporters can also be customized with the --coverageReporters flag.

coverageDirectory and coverageReporters are configurable via the project configuration file as well.

Global setup/teardown with nx libraries

In order to use Jest's global setup/teardown functions that reference nx libraries, you'll need to register the TS path for jest to resolve the libraries. Nx provides a helper function that you can import within your setup/teardown file.

global-setup.ts
import { registerTsProject } from '@nx/js/src/internal';
const cleanupRegisteredPaths = registerTsProject('./tsconfig.base.json');

import { yourFancyFunction } from '@some-org/my-util-library';
export default async function () {
  yourFancyFunction();

  // make sure to run the clean up!
  cleanupRegisteredPaths();
}

If you're using @swc/jest and a global setup/teardown file, you have to set the noInterop: false and use dynamic imports within the setup function:

apps/<your-project>/jest.config.ts
/* eslint-disable */
import { readFileSync } from 'fs';

// Reading the SWC compilation config and remove the "exclude"
// for the test files to be compiled by SWC
const { exclude: _, ...swcJestConfig } = JSON.parse(
  readFileSync(`${__dirname}/.swcrc`, 'utf-8')
);

// disable .swcrc look-up by SWC core because we're passing in swcJestConfig ourselves.
// If we do not disable this, SWC Core will read .swcrc and won't transform our test files due to "exclude"
if (swcJestConfig.swcrc === undefined) {
  swcJestConfig.swcrc = false;
}

// jest needs EsModule Interop to find the default exported function
swcJestConfig.module.noInterop = false;

export default {
  globalSetup: '<rootDir>/src/global-setup-swc.ts',
  transform: {
    '^.+\\.[tj]s$': ['@swc/jest', swcJestConfig],
  },
  // other settings
};

global-setup-swc.ts
import { registerTsProject } from '@nx/js/src/internal';
const cleanupRegisteredPaths = registerTsProject('./tsconfig.base.json');

export default async function () {
  // swc will hoist all imports, and we need to make sure the register happens first
  // so we import all nx project alias within the setup function first.
  const { yourFancyFunction } = await import('@some-org/my-util-library');

  yourFancyFunction();

  // make sure to run the clean up!
  cleanupRegisteredPaths();
}